Fake News: A Global Problem

spurt News A Global ProblemMathangii BalasubramanianCarla NyssenDo you remember the fig out faded by Ameri rear First lady for the presidential inauguration back in January of 2012? Several thousands of wad looked at the photo posted online of her striped dress and had overwhelmingly different opinions about what color it was. Many thought it was navy blue and white, some said it was black and white, and hardly a(prenominal) others even thought it was young 4xand yellow. So what was the actual color of that dress and what was the truth? What was the reasoning behind such contrasting opinions and what does this lead to?Dress worn by The First bird is an example how the same information was interpreted in several different ways. This comes to mind amid discussions about how off-key word of honor program and outright lies has taken precedence and its dangerous refer.mk In this so-called world of formulate countersign where there is unlimited freedom of information sharin g, anyone can spread anything they wish on the internet approximately the globe and anyone can find the information and rely on the fake intelligence agencyworthiness which confirms their beliefs. This clearly shows the lack of publics critical thinking and fall prey to fake news.This representation of the lack of critical thinking s eats is quite worrying and in order to baffle the spread of fake news and control this serious problem, start cause concerning human mind has to be understood. The unprecedented rapid growth in applied science leading to a widespread increase in fake news, understanding the inherent nature of human cognition, loopholes in the media and ways to control the spread of fake news has to be understood. In order to be a discerning news consumer, it is important for oneself to be a critical thinker with the ability to differentiate fake news from real news.There were various forms of media such as television, newspapers, magazines, and radio to spread an d disseminate information ahead internet came into existence. Ancient media methods allowed advertisements and supplements which paved way to mask the real news. Television was a phenomena in the 1960s which glued people to sit in front of their media box. Advertisements, seen as ways to mask real news was telecasted during prime time with an opportunity to reaching millions of homes e rattling day. Later, fantasy based reality shows closed the gap between real and staged events. In todays world, professional looking websites can be print and inquisition engines and affable media platforms can be programmed to create influential news. Even a technological savvy computer science or information technology graduate student can create such websites.The news media doesnt tailor its content to specific individuals, hence its varied content and far reaching impact. reading shared with the media will spread at a faster pace and to a greater extent compared to the one without media cov erage. Media targets a set of people whom the considert needs to be communicate. Online media provides unlimited free access to information through websites, blogs, and various applications. Internet coverage and smart devices allow easy access to news media with a finger touch. Due to the volatile nature of politics, economy, and safety environment in the world, news media plays an important role. The news media do play a earthshaking role on the negative side as well spreading fake news through various tabloids. There were lots of fake news involving gossips, scandals and manipulated information. The news media is a profit making organization with an ulterior goal of multiplying profits. Hence advertisements and sponsored content may contain unapproved content do huge impact to the society.Fake news doesnt mean its outright lie, rather news that are more likely to be biased or misleading in a gentle way. It is the information that is clearly fabricated and that has been custom ized to look like genuine news. Its content is specifically created to appeal to an audiences pre-existing preferences. The spread of fake news with the development of technology has been widespread causing a huge impact. According to a historian, dating back to 18th and 19th centuries, fake news was a usually accepted practice and newspapers were more opinionated and agenda driven. Later with the introduction of penny press in 1830s, sensational news and gossip started proliferating. Though readers didnt intrust everything they read is true as many newspapers published short stories and poetry and satire was mainly used by entertainers and not journalists.Most of the fake news thats viral online consists of written pieces and recorded segments that promotes mistaken information through means of featureual reporting. For example, several reports were published by news organizations highlighting examples of hoaxes, fake news and misinformation on Election Day 2016. Fake news is created intentionally by entrepreneurs who seek to make money from advertising, and false information can also organise from misinformed social media posts by normal people who posts regularly, which spreads through a biased blogosphere.One such example was the youthful post on social media by a businessman regarding protests where he connected seeing several buses lined up in downtown and the protests reports which he heard in the news media. He assumed the two were connected and posted his thoughts on social media which were soon followed by many of his followers, then taken to reddit community, blogs and were shared among the internet world causing a huge stir and confusion. Initial content of the message got manipulated in several ways leading to incorrect information sharing driven by incorrect assumptions. This is one typical example how fake news originates and propagates with the second of social media and blogs in the internet world.Incidents affecting humanity and human values refer the dark real world consequences caused by fake news. Just for political propaganda, there were lot of websites that publish completely fake and fabricated news. Fake news grew into fame taking advantage of peoples attention seeking skills, meaning if human mind pays attention to a particular topic, more articles pertaining to that topic will be produced. frequently than the real news, its about page views that matters as in more sensational the headline is, the more views you get and the more money that could be made from manipulating eyeballs.It is knockout to ignore the historical facts about how newspapers were agenda driven in the past and how it has changed now with a focus towards free speech and unbiased content. In the recent past, some of the headlines in the newspapers and social media begin left people thinking in the wrong direction before they figure out that its fake news after reading the entire article. There were several instances where one reads various fake news pages and comes up with one on his own based rigorously on his exaggeration with a fancy and a sensational headline, making it go viral. It is imperative for people to differentiate fake news from real ones and prevent proliferation of such fake news even for the fun aspect of it.Because of the nature of social media, most of what is published goes unmediated. While traditional journalism subscribes to strong rigor, moral editors and a write up of fact-checking, these disciplines dont exist on social media, where fake news thrives. Given the veneer of respectability of a legitimate-looking site, its easy to see how the outrage can kick off a chain reaction of commentary and public finger pointing. Any lie can gain general acceptance if it gets repeat frequently and this is one sole reason for the alarming increase of fake news. Achieving repetition is easy in this so called era of social media with a few button clicks.Social media and online search giants shoul d take efforts to prevent fake news sites, applications and advertisements from appearing. When there is an iota of doubt concerning a website or news content, it is better to search google for confirmation reports from reputable news sites to check whether they have picked up the same news. There are many reputable online websites such as Snopes, Factcheck, etc., to name a few, to verify the authenticity of the news content.Social media users have the opportunity now to flag articles they think are intentionally false, and these articles will be screened using third-party fact checkers. Warning signs on articles such as disputed and fake tags would negatively impact its rating score on social media making it visible to few people in their news feeds. Technology savvy scholars have created several applications detecting fake news sites. Such applications could be installed on web browsers as extensions and warnings provided by those applications could prevent the spread of fake new s and assist human beings detect and recognize fake sites. Fake news could be controlled by induction fake detector applications on gadgets which analyzes its authenticity and flags fake pages.First and foremost place to look for ways to control fake news is within oneself. preferably than checking the veracity of the news content using different verification websites and fancy tools, one should check their own self to believe or not. If the story is so outrageous, it is too true to believe. Individuals should make sure that they are not being told what they want to hear. In order to become a more insightful, discerning news consumer, it is important to differentiate real and fake news and become more of a critical thinker. Part of being a critical thinker is to thoroughgoing(a)ly question whether they are only getting part of a story or the complete one. Developing oneself as a media literate person would help overcome this situation.The government must focus on education poli cy in order to develop a literate society which will help people decipher between real and fake news. Government can also introduce stricter regulations on media and individuals sourcing fake news articles. Though it may deflower toes with freedom of speech, it is imperative to have government backing for individuals to fight against defamation and control the spread of fake news. Government can impose fines on social media companies and websites those spread fake news, as this will force sourcing websites to impose verification checks and control the spread of fake news.Fake news is a phenomena whose spread could be controlled through collective responsible actions by the means of governmental regulations, education policy, literate society, technology and applications. At this stage, determining the legitimacy and utility of information is finally the responsibility of the people.Work CitedAgrawal, Nina. Where Fake News Came in and Why Some People Believe It. The Los Angeles Ti mes, 20 Dec. 2016, www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-fake-news-guide-2016-story.html , Accessed 08 Feb, 2017.Anand, Bharat. The U.S. Medias Problems Are Much Bigger than Fake News and Filter Bubbles. Harvard Business Review, 05 Jan, 2017 www.hbr.org/2017/01/the-u-s-medias-problems-are-much-bigger-than-fake-news-and-filter-bubbles, Accessed 16 Feb, 2017.Akpan, Nsikan. The very real consequences of fake news stories and why your brain cant ignore them. PBS NEWSHOUR, 05 Dec, 2016, www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/real-consequences-fake-news-stories-brain-cant-ignore/, Accessed 18 Feb, 2017.Yeats meter Second Coming Yeats Poem Second Coming As the title of the poetry suggests, Yeats poem is a oracleic poem that clearly shows saviours second elapse to the earth after the world has been engulfed in sin and sorrow. The poem was written after the first world war to depict hope for earthly occupants who have experienced torture, suffering, death ,hunger and disillusionment .The writer uses vi sion to create a sense of waiting and arouse the readers interest in what is the second approach path. Gyre is a word used to mean how things were moving in a spiral movement after the Second gentlemans gentleman War to bring to the readers mind the discipline of confusion. Turning and turning is used to create repetition of the worlds cruel events which could present Christs Second Advent as revealed in the book of revelation.All Christians who read the give-and-take and especially the events presenting the second coming were ready for the world to end after world war 1 because the bible warns of the war which will come before Christ returns to the earth to take his people to joyous life in heaven. The falcon cannot hear the falconer is used symbolically. In studies of wild birds, falcon is a bird of prey which kills and eats animals like hedgehogs and its flying speed when targeting its prey is more than that of cheetah. TheSentence means that the attacker or the worlds troubl e maker cannot hear the creator. Falconer is the instructor of peace who can be God. here it means the world has reached a point of no return where wretched and the father of evil (the devil) is instructing the leaders of the world to seek war among nations. Suffering is the centre stage where people go hungry, and prostitution and crime are the order of the day, phantasmal fanatics and false prophets are in the world. Concept of brotherhood has seized and the only theme in the world is every man for himself. Then things fall apart. The devil has taken much control of the world.The word mere anarchy is used to mean only and very pure. Writer uses these spoken communication in order to show the unleashing of wrath by the serpent who is the prince of darkness and together with his evil angels can cause great trouble in the world if it were not for divine authority of God. During the First World War, bombs were dropped to the earths surface and people thought the end had come. The se fires can be compared to the lake of fire in revelation which is portrayed as burning with brimstone where the beast, the false prophet and the dragon (that serpent of old) are tormented daily. Anarchy means lawlessness and shows how the worlds justice has been buried in an abyss. Fires of wrath dominate the whole world diseases with no cure and immortal human suffering are used symbolically to mean the tension in the world. The words ceremony of innocence is drowned are an imagery used by the writer to show how the world is not free again and the innocent must suffer for sins which they did not commit. Whoever commits the sins who is the anarchist, enjoys life and is unquestionable at any court jurisdiction. William butler uses this word to show how the world likes was in the days of civilization is not a place to admire. Like nowadays, the poem is very much applicable where international criminal courts have been established to prosecute evil doers who can escape punishment in their own countries because they are power barons and corrupt leaders like those of the medieval ages. The words best lack conviction and bad are always full of passion is a paraphrase. Here it can also mean that the good people need power to govern others very well in the society and that has been foiled by turpitude and injustice. Powerful people on the contrary dont deliver accordingly when given the power but the wise governors say they want to be loved and those people who love believe in wisdom and how they can use it for the benefit of others and themselves. This leads to a vicious circle and confusion during the last days here on earth as William butler puts it. Words like revelation is coming are used in order to further develop the title of the poem and always to keep in the mind of the reader just as the title suggests, Christ must return to the world. The concept of time span is revealed by those words. Just as Christ came to the world, then in the same way will return to save mankind from destruction by the sinister person.The poet uses words like purports mundu to bring the theme of religion in the poem and develop the poems title. Words mean that in the world, there is a pure spirit which rests in the minds of every human being and informs him about Godly issues. People then wait joyously and obey Christs commandments so as to escape eternal torment. The poet uses words like a lion like body with mans head to create fear among the readers and depict dangers associated with the weird creature. Simile is used to show how blue and cruel the beast is. The beast is portrayed as passing through the desert just like the falcon of the second line to scare desert birds. Like the falcon, the beast is a symbol of evil and danger for the occupants of the earth. Desert birds are personified to human beings and again tormentation is a must. The beast represents the anti -Christ who comes before Christ return to cause a religious sway in the world. Beasts p ower was granted to him by the dragon (serpent) in order to destroy loot and kill Christs followers. Rough beasts arrival brings the idea of suffering. Centuries of stony sleep is used symbolically to represent the suffering in Ireland during Williamss butlers time where he suffered to a point, and through religious meditations, thought the First World War can lead to the end of the world and Christ can come for rescue.In reality, the world was not goal but it was just beginning because the Second World War was fought but the world can end anytime .The poet uses imagery, symbolism, personification and simile to develop the theme of religion, fear, suffering, and history in his poem.In conclusion, the words used in the poem clearly fit to the message being communicated and they contribute to the development of the title second coming no other words could have been used to achieve the writers objectives.